Panchayat Raj and Political Reform in India since 1990s

　　Abstract：With the adoption of the 73rd constitutional amendments in 1992, the scholars and politicians of India realized the importance and necessity of transformation of Panchayat Raj to local governments. The adoption of the 73rd constitutional amendments were influenced by the international political changes such as the collapse of Soviet Union. One might thought that such an Act would promote Indias economic development on the basis of democracy that has been insisted by India since its independence in 1947. However, the process has been carried on slowly and difficultly so far for the reasons of financial deficiency, passive attitude of the state bureaucracy, the deep doubts of mass, and shortage of trained persons.